About Electronic engineering:-
Electronics engineering, or electronic engineering, is an engineering discipline where non-linear and active electrical components such as electron
tubes, and semiconductor devices, especially transistors, diodes and integrated circuits, are utilized to design electronic circuits, devices and systems,
typically also including passive electrical components and based on printed circuit boards. The term denotes a
broad engineering field that covers important subfields such as analog electronics, digital electronics, consumer electronics, embedded
systems and power
electronics. Electronics engineering deals with implementation
of applications, principles and algorithms developed within many related
fields, for example solid-state physics, radio
engineering, telecommunications, control
systems, signal
processing, systems engineering, computer engineering, instrumentation engineering, electric power control, robotics, and
many others.
History:-
Electronic engineering as a profession
sprang from technological improvements in the telegraph industry in the late 19th century and
the radio and the telephone industries in the early 20th century.
People were attracted to radio by the technical fascination it inspired, first
in receiving and then in transmitting. Many who went into broadcasting in the
1920s were only 'amateurs' in the period before World War.
To a large extent, the modern discipline
of electronic engineering was born out of telephone, radio, and television equipment development and the large
amount of electronic systems development during World War
II of radar, sonar, communication
systems, and advanced munitions and weapon systems. In the interwar years, the
subject was known as radio
engineering and it was only
in the late 1950s that the term electronic
engineering started to emerge.
Electronics:-
In the field of electronic engineering,
engineers design and test circuits that
use the electromagnetic properties of electrical components such as resistors, capacitors, inductors,
diodes and transistors to achieve a particular functionality.
The tuner circuit, which allows the user of a radio
to filter out all but a single station, is just
one example of such a circuit.
In designing an integrated circuit,
electronics engineers first construct circuit schematics that specify the electrical components
and describe the interconnections between them. When completed, VLSI engineers
convert the schematics into actual layouts, which map the layers of various conductor and semiconductor materials needed to construct the
circuit. The conversion from schematics to layouts can be done by software (see electronic design automation) but very
often requires human fine-tuning to decrease space and power consumption. Once
the layout is complete, it can be sent to a fabrication
plant for manufacturing.
Integrated circuits and other electrical components can
then be assembled on printed circuit boards to form more complicated circuits.
Today, printed circuit boards are found in most electronic devices including televisions, computers and audio players.
Relationship
to electrical engineering:-
Electronics is a subfield within the
wider electrical engineering academic subject. An academic degree
with a major in electronics engineering can be acquired from some universities,
while other universities use electrical engineering as the subject. The term electrical engineer is still used in the academic world to
include electronic engineers. However,
some people consider the term 'electrical engineer' should be reserved for
those having specialized in power and heavy current or high voltage
engineering, while others consider that power is just one subset of electrical
engineering and (and indeed the term 'power
engineering' is used in that industry) as well as 'electrical distribution engineering'. Again, in recent years
there has been a growth of new separate-entry degree courses such as 'information engineering', 'systems engineering' and 'communication systems engineering',
often followed by academic departments of similar name, which are typically not
considered as subfields of electronics engineering but of electrical
engineering.
Beginning in the 1980s, the term computer
engineer was often used to
refer to a subfield of electronic or information engineers. However, Computer
Engineering is now considered a subset of Electronics Engineering and computer
science and the term is now
becoming archaic.
